Melastoma orientale Guillaumin
Table of contents
1. Protologue
Melastoma orientale Guillaumin, in Lecomte (ed.) Fl. Gén. Indo-Chine 2(7) (1921): 888. - Type: Pierre s.n., Bois du Song bé, Vietnam (K!).
Arbrisseau ligneux, assez raamifié. Rameaux grêles, flexueux, cylindriques, d’abord fauves à cause des poils couchés nombreux, à la fin glabres et cendrées; noeuds renflés, garnis de soies brun fauve, couchées. Feuilles membraneuses-rigides, oblongues-lancéolés (3,5-8 x 1-3,5 cm) en coin à la base, aiguës au sommet, parsemées de poils courts, fauves, entièrement couchés en dessus, plus longs et plus grêles, parsemés sur le limbe, assez denses sur les nervures en dessous; nervures 3-5, imprimées en dessus, saillantes en dessous, veines peu visibles même en dessous; pétiole long de 5-15 mm, abondamment velu. Inflorescens fasciculée; fleurs 1-4, roses, courtement pédicellées (2-5 mm); bractées et bractéoles 2, lancéolées-linéaires, terminées par une pointe subulée, ciliées avec un poil étoilé à leur sommet, aussi longues que le pédoncule et insérées au milieu; bouton cylindro-conique. Calice à dents dressées; tube cylindrique, long de 4 mm, garni de poils simples et étoilés, ceux-ci plus denses et souvent pédiculés vers le sommet; dents 5, caduques, filiformes-subulées, égalant le calice, abondamment garnies de soies longues et souvent d’une soie étoilée au sommet, alternant avec 5 piéces analogues, moitié plus courtes. Pétales 5, longuement spatulés (7 x 5 mm), étroits à la base, acuminés-mucronés, ciliés sur les bords avec quelques longues soies sur la pointe. Étamines 10; anthères ondulées, assez longuement atténuées, celles des grandes un peu plus longues; connectifs terminés à la base par 2 cornes latérales, situées immédiatement audessous de l’anthère chez les petites étamines, 1,5-2 mm plus bas chez les grandes; filets filiformes, tous longs de 3 mm. Ovaire adhérent sur ses 3 quarts, globuleux, portant dans sa partie libre, surtout au sommet, des soies fauve clair, dressées et serrées; loges 5; style égalant à peine les petits étamines. Fruit sphérique, bleu-pourpre, long de 5 mm.
Laos: Sé-dom (Thorel). - Cochinchine: Ongh-iem (Lecomte et Finet), Trian (Pierre).
2. Synonyms
- Otanthera confusa Craib, Kew Bull. (1930): 172. - Type: Kerr 16763, Khao Patwa Chondong, 12 km north of Kapoe, Ranong, Thailand, 800 m, 20. Jan 1929 (BK!).
3. Vernacular names
Klong Klang, Klong Kleng Tug Pu (Thailand), Ben a (Khmer, Vietnam).
4. Description
Shrub up to 2(--5) m tall; young branches quadrangular, covered with appressed red to brown bristles, bark green-grey; old branches terete, glabrescent. Leaves elliptic to lanceolate, 4.3--11.1 x 1.0--4.0 cm, base rounded to acute, apex acute to acuminate, lamina strigose on both sides; nerves 3 or 5, covered with bristles; petiole 3--15 mm long. Inflorescences terminal or apical axillary cymes of 3--6 flowers. Flowers 5-merous; bracts lanceolate to triangular, 2--7 x 1--3 mm, outside strigose, glabrous inside. Hypanthium campanulate, 3--5 x 3--5 mm, covered with spreading bristles up to 2 mm long, or with penicillate emergences, c. 1 mm long, crowned by c. 1 mm long bristles; sepals narrowly triangular, 2--5 x 1--2 mm, on the inside glabrous, on the outside covered with 2 mm long bristles; intersepalar emergences stellate, c. 2 mm long with c. 2 mm long bristles at the apex. Petals obovate, 6--9 x 6--8 mm, ciliate at the apex, bright purple. Stamens normally dimorphic; longer outer stamens with 2--4 mm long red to violet anthers and 2--4 mm long filaments, connectives 2--3 mm long and ventrally curved, or 1--2 mm long and straight, with two 1--1.4 mm long ventral lobes at the base; shorter inner stamens with 2--4 mm long anthers and 2--4 mm long filaments, connective prolonged for 0--1 mm and ventrally short bilobed; if stamens isomorphic then anthers c. 3.5 mm long, connective c. 1.5 mm and straight, with two 1--1.2 mm long ventral lobes. Ovary 2/3 as long as the hypanthium, crowned by golden bristles. Style 6--7 mm long. Fruit a globose berry, 4--7 x 4--7 mm, dark blue when mature.
5. Distribution, ecology and notes
Distribution - Thailand, Laos, Vietnam.
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Ecology - Collections: 56. In open or disturbed places in forests or along streams, at up to 1000 m altitude.
Notes - In most herbarium specimens the fruits are immature and look like fleshy capsules, not like berries. Melastoma orientale is morphologically similar to M. cyanoides from which it can be distinguished by the (normally) dimorphic stamens and the restriction to continental Asia.
6. Collections
LAOS
- Vidal 1383, Chi Nai Mo, Vientiane (P, L)
- Vidal 4028, Env. Bankeun, Vientiane, 300 m (P)
- Vidal 5725, Phou Khao Khouay, Vientiane, 800 m (P)
THAILAND
- Boonmab 496, Khao Chong, Trang (BKF)
- Charoenphol 5004, Koh Chang, west side, Trat, 0 m (AAU, K, BKF, L)
- Chermsirivathana 1282, Phato, Chumphon (BK)
- Duranit 124, Kow Suangwang, Kawn Gen, 200 m (CMU)
- Fukuoka 36100, Klong Saeng Wildlife Sanctuary, Amphoe Kuraburi, Phangnga (BKF)
- Geesink 7234, Khao Chong area, Trang, 150 m (AAU, BKF, C, K, P)
- Hansen 12016, Nai Chong, Khap Thong Thai, 30 m (BKF, C)
- Kerr 6919, Koh Chang, Trat (K)
- Kerr 9224, Koh Chang, Trat (E)
- Kerr 9227, Koh Chang, Saluts Pet, Trat, 10 m (AAU, BK, K)
- Kerr 11484, Ta Ngaw/Ban Ta Ngaw, Chumphon, 110 m (BK, K)
- Kerr 15320, Na Wang, Phatthalung, 100 m (BK)
- Kerr 16421, Lam Lieng to La-un, Chumphon, 10 m (BK, K)
- Kerr 16763, Khao Patwa Chondong, 12 km north of Kapoe, Ranong, 800 m (BK, K)
- Kerr 17703, Khao Kuap, Krabi, 300 m (BK, K)
- Kerr 18989, Koh Lanta, Krabi, 400 m (BK, K)
- Koyama 30218, en route from the foot of Khao Khieo to Wang Takrai waterfall, Khao Yai National Park, Pakchong Distr., Nakhon Ratchasima, 400 m (BKF)
- Koyama 31951, Thung Salaeng Luang National Park, Wang Thong distr., Phetchabun, 700 m (BKF)
- Larsen 806, Thung Salaeng Luang National Park, Phitsanulok, 600 m (AAU, C, E, K, L)
- Larsen 3395, Sarika Falls, Nakhon Nayok, 300 m (AAU)
- Larsen 30751, foothill of Khao Phra Mi, Ranong, 60 m (AAU, K, L)
- Larsen 42695, Thale Ban, 20 km northeast of Satun: Ton Pliew waterfall, Satun, 100 m (AAU)
- Larsen 42772, Chieo Lan Dam, reservoir surroundings, ca. 35 km eastnortheast of Takua Pa, Surat Thani, 100 m (AAU, BKF, PSU)
- Larsen 43169, Ban Racha Krude, Chumphon, 200 m (BKF, PSU, AAU)
- Maxwell 8795, Ranong Municipal Park, Ranong, Hill behind the park, Ranong, 75 m (BKF, PSU, L)
- Maxwell 71266, Pliew Waterfalls area, Laem Sing Distr., Chanthaburi (BK)
- Maxwell 72473, Krating Falls, Chanthaburi (BK)
- Maxwell 76371, Khao Khieo, Si Racha Distr., Chon Buri, 800 m (AAU, BK)
- Maxwell 741033, Sahm Lahn forest, Muang Distr., Saraburi, 75 m (AAU, BK)
- Meyer 9617, Khao Kitchakut Nationalpark: near entrance at Nationalroad 317, Chantaburi, 200 m (BKF)
- Murata 50449, near border of Loei and Nong Khai, along route 211, by Mekhong river, Nong Khai, 240 m (BKF)
- Na Songkhla 33, Huay Luk, Kanchanaburi, 400 m (BCU)
- Na Songkhla 366, Khao Sa Bab, Chantaburi, 300 m (BCU)
- Na Songkhla 582, Chantaburi, Chantaburi, 120 m (BCU)
- Phenghklai 3251, Buriram, Buri Ram, 400 m (BKF, PSU)
- Put 2893, Ta Kum, Krat, Trat (AAU, K)
- Seidenfaden 2928, Top of Kao Farang, Kao Sabab, Chantaburi, 980 m (C)
- Shimizu 23942, Krating waterfall, Khao Phrabat, Kitchagoot National Park, Makhan Distr., Chantaburi, 200 m (BKF)
- Shimizu 23969, Krating waterfall, Khao Phrabat, Kitchagoot National Park, Makhan Distr., Chantaburi, 200 m (BKF, C)
- Shimizu 26018, Khao Phrabat, Kitchagoot Nationalpark, Makhan District, Chantaburi, 500 m (BKF)
- Shimizu 260218, Khao Phrabat, Kitchagoot National Park, Makhan Distr., Chantaburi, 200 m (BKF)
- Smitinand 3386, Khao Klu‘a, Makhan, Chantaburi, 200 m (BKF)
- Smitinand 11650, Si Chiang Mai, Nong Khai, 180 m (BKF)
- Supapol 298, Barttimsong, Grabun distr., Ranong (PSU)
- Th. W. 49, Ratchaprapha Dam, Surat Thani, 100 m (BKF)
- Thorel s.n., Lo-dou, Mekong (P)
- W.N. 728, Klong Saeng Wildlife Sanctuary, Phangnga (BKF)
- Winit 1459, Me Kung, Lampang, 200 m (BKF)
- Wiparat 7, Chantaburi (BCU)
VIETNAM
- Phuong 677, Dabook, Sa Thay, Quang Nam-Da Nang (HN)
- Pierre s.n., Bois du Song bé (K)
- Pierre s.n., Cochinchina ad flumen Long bé (P)
- Poilane 20804, Arboretum de Trang Bom, Bienhoa (P)
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